Understanding Stroke: The Silent Threat You Can Prevent

1. What is a Stroke?

A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted, causing brain cells to die quickly.

• Ischemic Stroke (87% of cases): Caused by a blockage (clot or plaque) in an artery to the brain.

• Hemorrhagic Stroke: Caused by a blood vessel in the brain rupturing (often due to high blood pressure).

• Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) or "Mini-Stroke": Symptoms are temporary, but it is a critical warning sign that a full stroke may follow.

2. Recognize the Signs: Act BEFAST

Immediate action is vital, as "Time is Brain." The faster treatment is received, the better the outcome. Use the acronym BEFAST to identify symptoms:

• Balance: Sudden loss of balance or coordination.

• Eyes: Sudden vision change (loss or blurriness).

• Face Drooping: Is one side of the face drooping?

• Arm Weakness: Does one arm drift down when raised?

• Speech Difficulty: Is speech slurred or confusing?

• Time to Call for Help: Call emergency services immediately if any of these signs appear and note the time symptoms started.

3. Prevention and Risk Factors

Up to 80% of strokes are preventable. While factors like age, family history, and gender are uncontrollable, lifestyle changes offer significant protection.

Controllable Risk Factors:

• High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): The number one cause of stroke.

• High Cholesterol and Diabetes.

• Smoking.

• Sedentary Lifestyle and Chronic Stress.

Practical Prevention Tips:

• Know Your Numbers: Regularly check blood pressure and cholesterol. Aim for blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg.

• Move More: Aim for 150 minutes of moderate activity per week, and take breaks to stand and stretch hourly if you have a desk job.

• Eat Healthier: Reduce sodium and sugar intake, and choose more colorful vegetables.

• Manage Stress: Find healthy ways to unwind, such as listening to music or spending time with family.

4. Treatment and Financial Preparation

• Immediate Treatment: Ischemic strokes can be treated with clot-busting drugs (tPA) if administered within a few hours. Hemorrhagic strokes focus on controlling bleeding and reducing pressure.

• Recovery: The recovery process is a marathon involving physical, speech, and occupational therapy. Improvement can continue for years with dedicated rehabilitation.

• Financial Reality: Stroke treatment and long-term rehabilitation are costly. The post emphasizes that Critical Illness Insurance provides a lump sum payout upon diagnosis, which can be used to cover long-term rehabilitation, lost income, and support the family's financial stability during recovery.

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